实现

JavaScript

/*
 * Author: Surendra Kumar
 * DFS Algorithm implementation in JavaScript
 * DFS Algorithm for traversing or searching graph data structures.
*/

function traverseDFS (root) {
  const stack = [root]
  const res = []

  while (stack.length) {
    const curr = stack.pop()
    res.push(curr.key)

    if (curr.right) {
      stack.push(curr.right)
    }

    if (curr.left) {
      stack.push(curr.left)
    }
  }

  return res.reverse()
}

function searchDFS (tree, value) {
  const stack = []

  stack.push(tree[0])

  while (stack.length !== 0) {
    for (let i = 0; i < stack.length; i++) {
      const node = stack.pop()

      if (node.value === value) {
        return node
      }
      if (node.right) {
        stack.push(tree[node.right])
      }
      if (node.left) {
        stack.push(tree[node.left])
      }
    }
  }
  return null
}

const tree = [
  { value: 6, left: 1, right: 2 },
  { value: 5, left: 3, right: 4 },
  { value: 7, left: null, right: 5 },
  { value: 3, left: 6, right: null },
  { value: 4, left: null, right: null },
  { value: 9, left: 7, right: 8 },
  { value: 2, left: 9, right: null },
  { value: 8, left: null, right: null },
  { value: 10, left: null, right: null },
  { value: 1, left: null, right: null }
]

searchDFS(tree, 9)
searchDFS(tree, 10)

traverseDFS(6)

//            6
//           / \
//          5   7
//         / \   \
//        3   4   9
//       /       / \
//      2       8   10
//     /
//    1

参考

• DepthFirstSearch [深度优先搜索] | Fancy DSA
• DFS traversal of a tree using recursion - GeeksforGeeks (opens new window)
• Demystifying Depth-First Search. Once you’ve learned enough about… | by Vaidehi Joshi | basecs | Medium (opens new window)